TelEcOmMuniCaTion And NEtwOrkINg:INternEt InfRastRuCTure

woohooo ~

masuk da chapter 3 terakhir ! 

xtaw kenapa topik ni ak paling fokus dalam banyak2.. HAHA

topik ni kita fokus pada..

WHAT is INternet?

Internet nfrastructure

Internet Protocol

Domain Name System (DNS)

INternet Service Provider (ISP)

HTTP

mesti kesemua nya korang pernah dengar an ..

so ak akan cerita serba sedikit detail die. :)

INTERNET

global network connecting millions of computers using a common set of communications protocols called TCP/IP

INTERNET INFRASTRUCTURE

hierachy of network

SIngle COmputer --> LAN--> ISP--> www

INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP)

INternet standard protocol

~ provide a common layer over dissimilar networks, used to move packets among host computers and through getaways if necessary

~ consist of 32 bits, often shown as 4 octets of number from 0 - 255 represented in decimal form

~ consist of two parts

one identifying the network

one identifying the node, or host

p/s: setiap nodes SHARE THE SAME NETWORK PREFIX (1ST OCTET) BUT MUST HAVE A UNIQUE HOST NUMBER ( REMAIN OCTET)

complicated thing is ad 5 kelas of network ! 

tp. ad care nak ingat.. :)

CLASS A NETWORK

binary adress start with 0

decimal no : 1 - 126

the first 8bits ( 1st octet) = identify network

remaining 24 bits= indicates the host within the network

CLASS B NETWORK

binary adress start with 10

decimal no : 128 - 191

the first 16 bits ( 2octets) = idnetify network

remaining 16bits = indicates the host within the network

perasan x.. 127 is missing there  ! :/

HAHA ! jgn kaluut...

ni sebab....

127 is reserved for loopback and is used for internal testing on the local machine

CLASS C

binary adress start with 110

decimal no: 192 - 223

the first 24bits (3 octets) = identify network

remaing 8bits = indicates the host within network

CLASS D

binary adress start with 1110

decimal no: 224 - 239

used to support multicasting (banyak layers)

CLASS E ( bellum digunakan lagi)

binary addresses start with 1111

decimal no: 240 - 255

used for experimentation.

never been documanted or utilized in a standard way

DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM (DNS)

translate domain names into numerical IP adresses

*easier to remember alphabetic

eg: moe.gov.my

(from the most specific to the most general {left to right}, seperated by dots)

INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP)

or IAPs ( Internet Access Providers)

eg: TMNet

they will give  your comp and ip adress so that it will recognize on th einternet to be able to share info among the netters.

HTTP

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

used by world wide web (www)

~ defines how messages are formatted and trasmitted

~what action Web servers and browsers should take in response to various command

lots of love,

sugaramour